Differential gearing for motor-vehicles.



BEST AVAILABLE COP G. C. HILL. DIFFERENTIAL GEARING FOR MOTOR VEHICLES.

APPLIUATION FILED JULY 23, 1904.

PATENTED MAY 16, 1905.

3 BHEBTS-SHEET BEST-AVAiLABLE CUP? 1 PATENTED MAY-16,1905.

0. 0. HILL. 7 DIFFERENTIAL GEARING FOR MOTOR VEHICLES.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 23, 1904.

28HEETSSHEET a.

UNITED STATES BEST AVAILABLE COP Patented May 16, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

JHRISTIAN C. HILL, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO MILWAUKEE AVENUESTATE BANK, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

DIFFERENTIAL GEARING FOR MOTOR-VEHICLES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 789,910, dated May 16,1905.

Application filed July 23, 1904:- Serial No. 1717 b all whmn it mayconcern:

Be it known that I, CHRISTIAN C. HILL, a itizen of the United States ofAmerica, and resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook .nd State ofIllinois, have invented certain iew and useful Improvements inDifferential Erearing for Motor-Vehicles, of which the following is aspecification.

f 'The present invention relates to that form of equalizing-gearingemployed on the driving-shafts or axles of motor-vehicles and the likeand which in the travel of the vehicle in a curved path or around acorner is adapted to so distribute the driving power that there willbeno slipping of the driving-wheels or loss of power resulting therefrom;and the present improvement has for its object to provide a simple andefiicient construction and arrangement of parts embodying the featuresof great compactness, durability, and strength to withstand heavystrains and an equalized distribution of the braking force upon theaxle-sections carrying the respective drivingwheels of the vehicle, allas will hereinafter 1 more fully appear, and be more particularlypointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrative of the present invention,Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation at line :0 m, Fig. 2, ofthe differential gearing and brake mechanism of the present invention.Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional elevation at line m m, Fig. 1. Fig. 3is a detail longitudinal sectional elevation at line m Fig. 5, of thedifferential. gearing. Fig. 4 is a detail longitudinal {sectionalelevation on the same plane as Fig. :3, showing at the left side of theview the i gearing and bearing-bushings in elevation and atthe rightside of the view the gearing and bearing-bushings removed. Fig. 5 is anend elevation of the differential gear-casing with a driving-shaft oraxle in section.

Similar numerals of reference indicate like parts in the several views.

Referring to the drawings, 1 and 2 are alined sections of thedriving-shaft or axle of a motor-vehicle or the like. The adjacent endsof such sections are connected together by an annular shell or casing 3,having end bearinghubs 4 and 5 for such adjacent ends of theshaft-sections 1 and 2 aforesaid. Such shell or casing is adapted tocontain and house the intermediate differential gearing by which suchsections 1 and 2 are connected together as usual in the present type ofmechanisms. In the present invention such differential gearing comprisesa construction and arrangement of parts as follows: 6 and 7 arecountershafts journaled in an oblique direction in the casing 3 andgeared together to rotate in opposite directions by counterpartspur-gears 8 and 9. 10 and 11 are bevel-gears individual to and carriedby the counter-shafts 6 and 7 and adapted to mesh with and driveindividual bevel-gears 12 and 13 on the respective ends of the alinedsections 1 and 2 of the drivingshaft or axle. 14 represents balls orspheres arranged between the bevel-gears 1O 12 and 11 13 in centralconcave sockets formed in the adjacent faces of said gears and adaptedto maintain the gears in proper pitch-line relation against the usualheavy end thrust of the shaft-sections 1 and 2 aforesaid. Theabove-described construction is adapted to afford. extreme compactnessand lightness com-' bined with strength and ability to transmit heavystrains without liability to breakage.

In the preferred construction as shown the inclosing shell or casing 3aforesaid and which has the usual driven connection with theolrivingpower or motor employed is formed by two counterpart longitudinalmembers or halves with' the line-of division extending through the hubs4 and 5, so that one-half of BEST AVAILABLE COP said and so that all ofsuch component parts of each member or half of the shell or casing willbe on a common level at the meeting faces of the respective members orhalves. Such special construction of the shell or cas-' ing memberprovides for a ready and convenient removal of one or both sections ofthe shell 3 and intermediate gear parts 6, 7, 8, 9, 1O, 11, and 17 fromengagement with the I driving-shaft sections without disturbing theposition of such shaft-sections and in addition is adapted to afford aconvenient construction in which the spherical form of seats employedfor the journal-bushings of the dilferent shafts can be formed in aready,

accurate, and economical manner.

With a View to aid in a ready removal and replacement of the parts in arapid and convenient manner the various bearing-bushings 2 17 for theends of the various shafts of the differential mechanism will each beformed of a single piece having a central cylindrical bore for thereception of its shaft end and with a spherical periphery, as shown. Theseats for such spherical bushings in the hubs 4 and 5 and in thebearing-bars 15 and 16 will beformed by semispherical cavities in therespective meeting faces of such parts, as shown. In addition toaffording a convenient 3o detachable construction, as above set forth,the spherical form of bearing-bushings have the further advantage thatin case the main bearings of the shafts in such bushings should cut fastor seize such bushings will act as auxiliary bearings to permit of thecontinued operation of the differential mechan- ISII]. f Thelongitudinal members or halves of the -inclosing shell or casing 3 maybe secured to- 0 gether by the usual transverse clamping-bolts '18 or inany other usual and approved manner. 19 represents annular bearing-ringsinterposed between the backs of the bevel-gears 12 and 13 and theadjacent ends of the shells or casing 3 to receive the outward thrust ofsaid bevel gears due to the outward pull of the sections 1 and 2 of thedriving-shaft or axle. 20 21 are a pair of independent brake-drumssecured to the respective axle-sections 1 and 2 in an individual manner,and in the preferred form of such brake-drums, as shown in Fig. 1, thebrake-rims will extend laterally from the central supporting webs andhubs, so as to project over the respective ends of the aforesaidcontaining-shells 3 of the equalizing-gearing with a view to attaincompactness in the arrangement of the mechanism as a whole.

22 represents the brake-bands of the respective brake drums held fromcircular travel therewith by the surface enlargements 23 on such bandsengaging in holdingrecesses formed therefor in the hereinafter-describedmain housing of the mechanism. 5 24 represents toggle-links connected tothe respective free ends of the brake-bands 2 25 represents shacklelinks connecting t other ends of said toggle-links together pairs.

26 is an equalizing-lever, to the respecti' ends of which theshackle-links 25 are co nected.

27 is a pull-rod connected centrally to t' equalizing-lever 26 andextending to' the c crating brake-lever of the vehicle.

28 is the usual main housing, inclosing t entire mechanism from dust andthe weatlu Having thus fully described my said inve tion, whatlclaim asnew, and desire to seen by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a differential gearing of the charact herein described, thecombination of tv alined shaft-sections, a casing forming a bea ingconnection for the ends of said section bevel-gears secured to therespective ends said sections, a pair of counter-shafts jou; naled in anoblique direction in said casin, spurgears on said counter-shaftsimposin reverse motion thereon, and bevel-gears indi vidual to saidcounter-shafts and geared wit the bevel-gears of the shaft-sectionsaforesaid substantially as set forth. 1

2. In a differential gearing of the charactel herein described, thecombination of twl alined shaft-sections, a casing forming a hear, ingconnection for the ends of said sections bevel-gears secured to therespective ends 0'. said sections, a pair of counter-shafts jOUlw naledin an oblique direction in said casing.

and centrally-interposed spheres between the respective pairs ofbevel-gears, substantially,

as set forth.

3. In adifferential gearing of the character? herein described, thecombination of two alined shaft-sections, a casing forming a bear-j, ingconnection for the ends of said sections, bevel-gears secured to therespective ends of said sections, a pair of obliquely-arrangedcounter-shafts geared together to rotate in] opposite directions,obliquely-arranged bear-g ing-bars for said counter-shafts formed withspherical seats, spherical journal-bushings fori said counter-shaftsarranged in said spherical; seats, and bevel-gears individual to saidcoun-i ter-shafts and geared with the bevel-gears ofg the shaft-sectionsaforesaid, substantially as; set forth.

1. In adifferential gearing of the character herein described, thecombination of two alined shaft-sections, a casing forming a hearingconnection for the ends of said sections, bevel-gears secured to therespective ends of said sections, a pair of obliquely-arrangedcounter-shafts geared together to rotate in opposite directions, obliquely-arranged bearing-bars for said counter-shafts formed with ericalseats, spherical journal-bushings for counter-shafts arranged in saidspherical .s, bevel-gears individual to said counterfts and geared withthe bevel-gears of the ft-sections aforesaid, and centrally-inter- 3dspheres between the respective pairs of el-gears, substantially as setforth. In a differential gearing of the character 12in described, thecombination of two ed shaft-sections, a casing forming a bearconnectionfor the ends of said sections, comprising two longitudinal halves prozdwith bearing-hubs formed in halves, el-gears secured to the respectiveends of l shaft-sections, a pair of counter-shafts rnaled in an obliquedirection in said casspur-gears on said counter-shafts imposreversemotion thereon, bevel-gears incli- .ual to said counter-shafts andgeared with :bevel-gears of the shaft-sections aforesaid, 1 means forconnecting the halves of the ;ing together in a detachable manner, sub-.ntially as set forth. 3. In a differential gearing (if the characterrein described, the combination of two ned shaft-sections, a casingforming a bearg connection for the ends of said sections, .d comprisingtwo longitudinal halves proded with bearing-hubs formed in halves,svel-gears secured to the respective ends of id shaft-sections, a pairof counter-shafts urnaled in an oblique direction in said cas- Ig,spur-gears on said counter-shafts imposig reverse motion thereon,bevel-gears indiidual to said counter-shafts and geared with acbevel-gears of the shaft-sections aforesaid, entrally-interposed spheresbetween the repective pairs of bevel-gears, and means for onnecting thehalves of the casing together n a detachable manner, substantially asset orth.

7 In a differential gearing of the character ierein deseribed,thecombination of two alined haft-sections, a casing forming a bearingconiection for the ends of said sections, and comirising twolongitudinal halves provided with rearing-hubs formed in halves,bevel-gears se' ured to the respective ends of said shaft-secions, apair of obliquely-arranged counterhafts geared together to rotate inopposite .irections, obliquely-arranged bearingbars or saidcounter-shafts formed with spherical eats. spherical journal-bushingsfor said couner-shafts arranged in said spherical seats, evel-gearsindividual to said counter-shafts .nd geared with the bevel-gears of theshaftections aforesaid, and means for connecting he halves of the casingtogether in a detach- .ble manner, substantially as set forth.

8. In a differential gearing of the character ierein described, thecombination of two alined haft-sections, acasing forming a bearing con:

iection for the ends of said sections, and com- BEST AVAILABLE COP 3prising two longitudinal halves provided with bearing-hubs formed inhalves, bevel-gears 5 secured to the respective ends of saidshaftsections, a pair of obliquely-arranged counter-shafts gearedtogether to rotate in opposite directions, obliquely-arrangedbearingbars for said counter-shafts formed with spher- 7 C ical seats,spherical journal-bushings for said counter shafts arranged in saidspherical seats, bevel-gears individual to said countershafts and gearedwith the bevel-gears of the. shaft-sections aforesaid,centrally-interposed 75 spheres between the respective pairs ofbevelgears, and means for connecting the halves of the casing togetherin a detachable manner, substantially as set forth.

9. In a driving mechanism for motor-vehi- 3O cles, the combination oftwo alined shaft-sections adapted to carry the driving-wheels, anequalizing-gear forming a connection between said shaft sections,individual brake drums secured to the respective axle-sections, brake- 5bands surrounding said drums, an equalizing-. lever, toggle-linkconnections between the ends ofsaid equalizing-lever and the brakebands,and a pull-rod connected centrally to said equalizing lever,substantially as set 9 forth.

10. In a driving mechanism for motor-vehicles, the combination of twoalined shaft-sections adapted to carry the driving-wheels, anequalizing-gear forminga connection between 95 said shaft-sections,individual brake-drums secu red to the respective axle-sections andprovided with laterally -projecting brake-rims adapted to extend overthe ends of the inclosing shell of the equalizing-gear, brake-bandssurrounding said drums, an equalizing-lever, connections between the endof said equalizing-lever and the brake-bands, and a pullrod connectedcentrally to said equalizing-lever, substantially as set forth.

11. In a driving mechanism for motor-vehicles, the combination of twoalined shaft-sections adapted to carry the driving-wheels, anequalizing-gear forming a connection between said shaft-sections,individual brake-drums ITO secured to the respective axle-sections andprovided with laterally-projecting brake-rims adapted to extend over theends of the inclosing shell of the equalizing-gear, brake-bandssurrounding said drums, an equalizing-lever, 5 toggle-link connectionsbetween the ends of said equalizing-lever and the brake-bands, and apull-rod connected centrally to said equalizing-lever, substantially asset forth.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 20th day of 9 July, 1904.

CHRISTIAN C. HILL.

Witnesses:

ROBERT BURNS, M. H. HOLMES.

